How to Choose the Right Harness for Small Dogs
, 11 min reading time
There's a unique joy that comes with owning a small dog. Their feisty personalities, their cuddle-perfect size, and their ability to bring so much life into a home are just a few of the things that make them so special. But with their diminutive stature comes a specific set of needs, especially when it comes to their safety and comfort during walks. While a collar might be the go-to for many pet owners, for small dogs, a harness is not just an accessory—it's a necessity. It’s a decision that can make a world of difference in their well-being, turning a stressful walk into a delightful outing. The process of learning how to choose the right harness is one of the most important things you can do for your pint-sized companion.
This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about selecting the perfect harness. We’ll delve into why harnesses are a safer alternative to collars for smaller breeds, break down the different types available on the market, provide a step-by-step guide to proper fitting, and highlight the most common mistakes to avoid. By the end, you'll be equipped with the knowledge to make an informed choice that will keep your best friend safe and happy for years to come.
Why a Harness is a Better Choice for Small Dogs
For many new pet owners, the collar is the default accessory for walks. It’s what we see most often, and it seems simple enough. However, for small dogs, the risks associated with walking on a collar far outweigh the convenience. Their delicate anatomy makes them particularly vulnerable to injury, and a harness is designed specifically to mitigate these risks.
The Dangers of Collars on Small Necks
A small dog’s neck is incredibly fragile. Breeds like Chihuahuas, Pomeranians, and Yorkshire Terriers are known for their slender necks and delicate windpipes. When a dog pulls on a leash attached to a collar, all the pressure is concentrated on this small, sensitive area. This can lead to a number of serious health issues, including tracheal collapse. Tracheal collapse is a progressive and irreversible condition where the cartilage rings of the windpipe weaken and collapse, making it difficult for the dog to breathe. A single sharp tug on a leash can be enough to cause immediate damage or exacerbate an existing condition.
Beyond tracheal collapse, a collar can cause neck strain, nerve damage, and even contribute to eye issues. The sudden pressure from a pull can cause a spike in intraocular pressure, which is especially concerning for dogs prone to glaucoma. The simple act of a dog lunging at a squirrel or another dog can become a dangerous moment if all the force is absorbed by their throat. To choose the right harness is to choose a safety device that prevents these kinds of injuries.
Better Control and Safety
A harness, on the other hand, is designed to distribute pressure evenly across the dog’s chest, shoulders, and back. When your dog pulls or you need to gently guide them, the force is spread out, protecting their delicate neck and throat. This distribution of pressure also gives you much better control over your dog. For small dogs who might try to bolt or get into tight spaces, a harness allows you to lift or guide them safely without causing them harm.
A properly fitted harness is also far more difficult for a small dog to slip out of. Small dogs, especially those with small heads relative to their necks, are notorious for backing out of collars when they get scared or excited. A snug harness provides a secure fit that makes these Houdini-like escapes nearly impossible, offering you invaluable peace of mind on walks in busy areas. The key to this security, of course, is to choose the right harness that fits your dog’s specific body shape and size.
Comfort and Confidence
Finally, a harness can make a profound difference in your dog’s comfort and confidence. Many small dogs who are walked on a collar learn to associate the feeling of being choked with the act of walking. This can lead to leash aversion, making them fearful and reluctant to go outside. By switching to a harness, you eliminate this negative association. The dog no longer feels the threat of a sudden tug at their throat. This increased comfort can lead to a more relaxed and enjoyable walking experience for both of you, encouraging them to be more confident and engaged with their surroundings. A dog that is comfortable is a dog that is happy, and a happy dog makes for a happy owner.
Understanding the Different Types of Harnesses
Once you've decided that a harness is the right choice, you'll be faced with a variety of styles. Each type has its own pros and cons, and the best one for your dog will depend on their personality, body shape, and walking habits. Knowing the differences is the first step to knowing how to **choose the right harness**.
Step-In Harnesses
Step-in harnesses are often the easiest to put on for dogs who are head-shy or dislike having things pulled over their ears. The dog simply steps into two leg loops, and the harness is buckled at the back. They are a great option for calm dogs who are not escape artists and don’t pull excessively. However, they can be less secure for determined pullers or wrigglers.
Vest Harnesses
Vest harnesses are a popular choice for very small breeds, such as Chihuahuas and teacup poodles. They look like a small jacket or vest and fasten with Velcro, a buckle, or both. Because they cover a larger surface area of the dog's body, they distribute pressure very well, making them an excellent choice for brachycephalic breeds (like Pugs and French Bulldogs) who are prone to respiratory issues. The wide, soft material is very comfortable for the dog, but they can be bulky and may not be ideal for warmer climates.
H-Harnesses (or Y-Harnesses)
The H-harness is a classic and highly versatile design. It consists of straps that form an H-shape on the dog's back and chest. They are highly adjustable, making them a great option for growing puppies or dogs with unusual body proportions. The adjustable straps allow for a custom fit that is both secure and comfortable. They can be a bit more complicated to put on at first, but once you get the hang of it, they are a fantastic all-around option.
Back-Clip vs. Front-Clip Harnesses
This is a crucial distinction and one of the most important factors to consider when you choose the right harness. The location of the leash attachment point fundamentally changes how the harness works.
Back-Clip Harnesses: The leash attachment is on the dog's back. This is the most common and user-friendly style. It’s great for well-behaved dogs who don't pull and for casual walks. The drawback is that it can inadvertently encourage pulling, as a dog's natural opposition reflex will cause them to pull against the backward pressure.
Front-Clip Harnesses: The leash attachment is on the dog's chest. This style is a game-changer for dogs who pull. When the dog pulls, the leash redirects their body, turning them gently towards you. This makes it impossible for them to move forward while pulling, encouraging them to walk by your side. While they can be a bit awkward for the dog at first and the leash can get tangled around their legs, they are one of the most effective tools for training a dog not to pull.
Dual-Clip Harnesses: Some harnesses offer both a front and back clip, providing the best of both worlds. You can use the back clip for casual walks and switch to the front clip for training sessions or in high-distraction environments. This versatility makes them a top choice for pet owners who want flexibility.
The Art of Fitting a Small Dog Harness
Even the most expensive, well-designed harness is useless if it doesn't fit properly. A poor fit can lead to chafing, rubbing, and a greater risk of escape. Knowing how to fit a harness is just as important as knowing how to choose the right harness.
The Two-Finger Rule
This is the golden rule for fitting any harness. Once the harness is on your dog, you should be able to comfortably slide two fingers between any of the straps and your dog's body. The harness should be snug but not tight. If you can fit more than two fingers, it’s too loose and your dog might be able to slip out. If you can't fit two fingers, it’s too tight and could cause discomfort or restrict their movement.
Measuring Your Dog Correctly
Before you even start shopping, you must measure your dog. Don't guess their size or rely solely on their weight. Use a soft measuring tape to get two crucial measurements:
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Neck Girth: Measure around the base of your dog's neck, where a collar would naturally sit.
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Chest Girth: Measure around the widest part of your dog's chest, just behind their front legs.
Use these measurements to compare against the manufacturer's size chart. If your dog is between sizes, it is generally recommended to go with the larger size, as you can always tighten the straps.
The Step-by-Step Fitting Process
1. Introduce the Harness: Let your dog sniff and investigate the harness before you try to put it on. Offer treats to create a positive association.
2. Place the Harness On: Depending on the type, either have your dog step in or slip it over their head.
3. Fasten and Adjust: Clip the buckles and begin adjusting the straps. Start with the neck and chest straps, ensuring they are snug but not tight.
4. Perform the Two-Finger Check: Go around all the straps and perform the two-finger check to ensure a perfect fit.
5. Check for Freedom of Movement: Watch your dog walk around with the harness on. Make sure the straps aren't rubbing against their armpits or restricting their shoulders in any way. The harness should not interfere with their natural gait.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Even with the best intentions, it's easy to make mistakes when selecting and fitting a harness. Being aware of these pitfalls will help you choose the right harness and ensure a safe experience.
Mistake #1: Guessing the Size. This is the most common error. A harness that is too big is a major escape risk, and one that is too small can cause chafing and discomfort. Always measure your dog.
Mistake #2: Choosing Style Over Function. A harness with a cute pattern is tempting, but if it's made from cheap materials or has a poor design, it won't be safe. Prioritize function, durability, and a proper fit above all else.
Mistake #3: Forgetting to Check the Fit Regularly. Dogs can gain or lose weight, and growing puppies need their harness adjusted frequently. Get in the habit of checking the fit of the harness every few weeks to ensure it's still comfortable and secure.
Mistake #4: Not Considering Your Dog's Personality. An anxious dog who panics when something goes over their head will do better with a step-in harness. A dog that pulls on the leash needs a front-clip harness. The best harness for your dog is one that works with their temperament, not against it.
Conclusion
The journey to find the perfect harness is an important one, and taking the time to choose the right harness is a true act of love for your small dog. It's a small investment that offers a huge return in terms of safety, comfort, and peace of mind. By understanding the unique needs of small dogs, exploring the different types of harnesses, and committing to a proper fit, you are ensuring that every walk is a happy and healthy adventure. The right harness will not only protect your dog's delicate body but also strengthen the bond you share as you confidently explore the world together.